What is a key benefit of hypothesis testing?

A key benefit of hypothesis testing is that it provides a structured framework for evaluating research questions. This framework involves formulating a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis, which helps researchers systematically assess evidence from data to make informed decisions about the validity of their research questions. It guides the research process, ensuring clarity and objectivity in determining whether observed results can be attributed to chance or reflect a true effect.

The structured nature of hypothesis testing also facilitates the comparison of different studies, as researchers follow established protocols that yield results that can be quantitatively assessed using statistical methods. This consistency is crucial for building a cumulative body of knowledge in scientific research, allowing researchers to advance theories based on evaluated evidence.

In contrast, eliminating the need for data collection is not a benefit of hypothesis testing; rather, data collection is an integral part of the process. Hypothesis testing does not guarantee accurate results because statistical methods can yield false positives or negatives, depending on various factors including sample size and effect size. Additionally, hypothesis testing does not inherently increase the cost of research; rather, it provides a means to justify and assess research expenditures through a structured evaluation process.