What is meant by bias in research?

Bias in research refers to systematic errors that can skew the results and lead to incorrect conclusions. Unlike random variations, which may occur by chance and can be accounted for with larger sample sizes, bias is a consistent deviation from the truth in the data that arises from the research design, measurement methods, or data collection process.

For example, if a study is designed in such a way that it favors certain outcomes or if the sample is not representative of the population being studied, the results will reflect those systematic errors rather than providing an accurate depiction of reality. Understanding bias is crucial for researchers, as it can undermine the validity of their findings and lead to misinformation if not properly addressed.