Which type of research focuses on statistical analysis and numerical data?

Quantitative research is the correct choice because it specifically emphasizes the collection and analysis of numerical data to uncover patterns, test hypotheses, and make predictions. This type of research often employs statistical techniques to interpret data, allowing researchers to derive conclusions based on measurable evidence.

In quantitative research, variables are typically quantified through surveys, experiments, or existing data sets, enabling the researcher to apply statistical methods. The strength of this approach lies in its ability to provide generalizable results that can be applied to larger populations, assuming the sample is appropriately selected.

In contrast, qualitative research focuses on understanding human behavior and experiences through non-numeric data, such as interviews or observations. Mixed methods research combines both qualitative and quantitative approaches but is not exclusively focused on statistics. Case study research involves a deep dive into a single case or a small number of cases, often using qualitative data, though it can occasionally incorporate quantitative elements. Thus, the defining aspect of quantitative research is its reliance on numerical and statistical analysis.